全集 导演:唐纳德·托德
□ifferentp□i□□s□phi□alschools□□v□□fferedvari□usinte□preta□ionsofRenZh□D□BenYuan□□nCo□□ucia□is□□Renisseena□anin□e□ent□ual□tytha□□an□ecul□i□atedth□ougheducation,self-□i□c□pli□e,□ndmoral□racti□e.Mencius,apr□minen□Confu□ianthink□r,arguedth□□hum□nbeingsarebornwi□haninnates□nseofgoodness,□hic□canbenur□□r□danddevelopedthr□ughproper□uidance□□deduca□i□n.□u□zi,anothe□Confuc□anphilosophe□,tookamo□ep□ssimisticview,s□ggestingtha□humanna□ureisinherentlyselfishand□hatmor□lvirt□esm□stbeimposedthrou□hst□icts□cialnormsandin□ti□uti□ns.
<□>D□fferentphilosophicalschoolsha□□offeredvariousinterpretat□onsofRenZhaDeBenYu□n.InC□nfucianism,Re□isseenas□ninherentqual□tyt□atca□b□culti□a□edthro□gheducation,self-discipli□e,andmoralpr□ct□c□.Men□ius,aprominen□Confucianthinker,arguedthathumanb□ingsarebo□nwithaninnate□e□s□of□oodness□□□ichcanb□nurt□redan□dev□lopedt□□□u□hproperguid□□ce□ndeducation.Xunzi□an□th□rCon□u□ia□philosopher□to□kamorepessimi□ticview,s□□ge□ti□□thathuma□nat□r□isi□herentlyselfish□n□thatmo□□lvirtuesm□stbeimp□sedthroug□st□ict□oci□□normsandin□titutions.Diff□rentp□il□sophica□□choo□sh□□eoffer□dvar□□us□nterp□etatio□sofRe□ZhaDeBenYu□n.I□Confucianis□,Re□isse□nasaninherent□ual□tythatcan□ecultivatedth□ougheducation,self-□isciplin□,andmor□□practice.Mencius,□prom□nentConfuc□anthin□er,ar□u□dt□ath□manbein□sareb□rnwit□a□i□n□t□senseo□goodness,whichcanbenurt□reda□ddevelope□throughpropergui□anceande□uc□t□□n.Xunzi,ano□her□onfucia□phi□osoph□r,too□a□orepes□□misti□view,□ug□est□ng□hathumannatu□e□sinherently□elfishandt□atmoralvirtue□mus□beimposedthro□ghstr□□t□ocialnormsandinsti□utio□s.
Diff□rentphilos□□□ica□sc□oolshaveofferedvario□sinterpre□□ti□nso□RenZha□eBenYu□n.□nConfucianism,R□nisseenasanin□□rentqualit□□□atc□nbec□ltivatedthroughe□uca□ion□se□f-□iscip□ine,and□or□lp□actice□M□ncius□apromin□ntConfucianth□nker,arguedthathumanbei□gsarebornwith□nin□□te□en□eo□g□□dnes□□whi□hcanbenurturedanddevelopedthroughproperguidanceandeduc□ti□n.□un□i□an□therCo□fucian□hiloso□he□,tookamorepessim□sti□□iew,suggesting□□□thum□nn□ture□s□nherentlyse□fishandtha□□□ral□i□tuesmus□beimposedthroughst□ictso□ialnormsand□□st□tutions.
Diffe□entphilo□ophical□□hool□□aveofferedvariousi□terpr□tationsofRenZhaDeBenYuan.I□Confucian□sm,Renisseenasan□nhere□tqual□tythatc□n□ecultivatedthrougheducation,self-disc□pline,andm□ralpra□□ic□.Mencius□ap□□m□ne□tCo□fu□ianthinker,argued□hathum□nbeings□rebornwithaninnatesen□eofgoo□ness□whichcanbenurt□re□anddeve□o□edthrough□rop□r□□i□□nc□□n□educat□on□Xunz□,□not□e□C□□fuci□np□ilosopher,tookamorepessimist□□□iew,su□gestingt□athum□nn□tu□eisinherentlyselfishand□h□tmo□alv□rt□□□mustbeim□osedthroughstrictso□ialnormsa□d□n□titutio□□.<□□> ... 详情
□ifferentp□i□□s□phi□alschools□□v□□fferedvari□usinte□preta□ionsofRenZh□D□BenYuan□□nCo□□ucia□is□□Renisseena□anin□e□ent□ual□tytha□□an□ecul□i□atedth□ougheducation,self-□i□c□pli□e,□ndmoral□racti□e.Mencius,apr□minen□Confu□ianthink□r,arguedth□□hum□nbeingsarebornwi□haninnates□nseofgoodness,□hic□canbenur□□r□danddevelopedthr□ughproper□uidance□□deduca□i□n.□u□zi,anothe□Confuc□anphilosophe□,tookamo□ep□ssimisticview,s□ggestingtha□humanna□ureisinherentlyselfishand□hatmor□lvirt□esm□stbeimposedthrou□hst□icts□cialnormsandin□ti□uti□ns.
<□>D□fferentphilosophicalschoolsha□□offeredvariousinterpretat□onsofRenZhaDeBenYu□n.InC□nfucianism,Re□isseenas□ninherentqual□tyt□atca□b□culti□a□edthro□gheducation,self-discipli□e,andmoralpr□ct□c□.Men□ius,aprominen□Confucianthinker,arguedthathumanb□ingsarebo□nwithaninnate□e□s□of□oodness□□□ichcanb□nurt□redan□dev□lopedt□□□u□hproperguid□□ce□ndeducation.Xunzi□an□th□rCon□u□ia□philosopher□to□kamorepessimi□ticview,s□□ge□ti□□thathuma□nat□r□isi□herentlyselfish□n□thatmo□□lvirtuesm□stbeimp□sedthroug□st□ict□oci□□normsandin□titutions.Diff□rentp□il□sophica□□choo□sh□□eoffer□dvar□□us□nterp□etatio□sofRe□ZhaDeBenYu□n.I□Confucianis□,Re□isse□nasaninherent□ual□tythatcan□ecultivatedth□ougheducation,self-□isciplin□,andmor□□practice.Mencius,□prom□nentConfuc□anthin□er,ar□u□dt□ath□manbein□sareb□rnwit□a□i□n□t□senseo□goodness,whichcanbenurt□reda□ddevelope□throughpropergui□anceande□uc□t□□n.Xunzi,ano□her□onfucia□phi□osoph□r,too□a□orepes□□misti□view,□ug□est□ng□hathumannatu□e□sinherently□elfishandt□atmoralvirtue□mus□beimposedthro□ghstr□□t□ocialnormsandinsti□utio□s.
Diff□rentphilos□□□ica□sc□oolshaveofferedvario□sinterpre□□ti□nso□RenZha□eBenYu□n.□nConfucianism,R□nisseenasanin□□rentqualit□□□atc□nbec□ltivatedthroughe□uca□ion□se□f-□iscip□ine,and□or□lp□actice□M□ncius□apromin□ntConfucianth□nker,arguedthathumanbei□gsarebornwith□nin□□te□en□eo□g□□dnes□□whi□hcanbenurturedanddevelopedthroughproperguidanceandeduc□ti□n.□un□i□an□therCo□fucian□hiloso□he□,tookamorepessim□sti□□iew,suggesting□□□thum□nn□ture□s□nherentlyse□fishandtha□□□ral□i□tuesmus□beimposedthroughst□ictso□ialnormsand□□st□tutions.
Diffe□entphilo□ophical□□hool□□aveofferedvariousi□terpr□tationsofRenZhaDeBenYuan.I□Confucian□sm,Renisseenasan□nhere□tqual□tythatc□n□ecultivatedthrougheducation,self-disc□pline,andm□ralpra□□ic□.Mencius□ap□□m□ne□tCo□fu□ianthinker,argued□hathum□nbeings□rebornwithaninnatesen□eofgoo□ness□whichcanbenurt□re□anddeve□o□edthrough□rop□r□□i□□nc□□n□educat□on□Xunz□,□not□e□C□□fuci□np□ilosopher,tookamorepessimist□□□iew,su□gestingt□athum□nn□tu□eisinherentlyselfishand□h□tmo□alv□rt□□□mustbeim□osedthroughstrictso□ialnormsa□d□n□titutio□□.<□□>